P235GH, P245GH, and P265GH are carbon steel materials specified in the EN 10216-2 standard, commonly used for pressure vessels and boilers. Here are the main differences between these materials:
1. Chemical Composition
P235GH:
- Carbon (C): ≤ 0.16%
- Silicon (Si): ≤ 0.35%
- Manganese (Mn): 0.60 – 1.20%
- Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.025%
- Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.015%
P245GH:
- Carbon (C): ≤ 0.20%
- Silicon (Si): ≤ 0.35%
- Manganese (Mn): 0.60 – 1.40%
- Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.025%
- Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.015%
- Carbon (C): ≤ 0.20%
- Silicon (Si): ≤ 0.40%
- Manganese (Mn): 0.90 – 1.70%
- Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.025%
- Sulfur (S): ≤ 0.015%
2. Mechanical Properties
- Yield Strength (ReH): ≥ 235 MPa
- Tensile Strength (Rm): 360 – 500 MPa
- Elongation (A): ≥ 24%
P245GH:
- Yield Strength (ReH): ≥ 245 MPa
- Tensile Strength (Rm): 410 – 530 MPa
- Elongation (A): ≥ 21%
- Yield Strength (ReH): ≥ 265 MPa
- Tensile Strength (Rm): 410 – 570 MPa
- Elongation (A): ≥ 20%
3. Applications and Characteristics
- Mainly used for medium and low-temperature pressure vessels and boilers.
- Balanced chemical composition and mechanical properties, suitable for general pressure equipment.
P245GH:
- Higher yield strength than P235GH.
- Suitable for applications with moderate temperature and pressure.
P265GH:
- Highest yield and tensile strength among the three.
- Suitable for higher temperature and pressure applications.
4. Welding Performance
All three materials have good weldability and can be welded using conventional methods. P235GH, with its lower carbon content, offers the best welding performance. P265GH, with higher manganese content and strength, requires more attention during welding.
Summary
The primary differences between P235GH, P245GH, and P265GH lie in their yield strength and tensile strength, which dictate their suitability for different working temperatures and pressures. Selecting the appropriate material depends on the specific working conditions and engineering requirements.
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